PAHs
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, abbreviated PAHs, are a collective name for a class of aromatic compounds that originate mainly from residues in tar refineries and are present in petrochemical products such as crude oil, wood distillates, tar, dyes, plastics, rubber, lubricants, rust prevention oils, strippers, gasoline coagulants, capacitor electrolytes, mineral oils, tar, etc. They are also present in everyday chemical products such as pesticides, charcoal, fungicides, and mosquito coils. PAHs may be present in high amounts in articles containing rubber parts, especially in products using recycled tire materials. PAHs compounds are carcinogenic, mutagenic and toxic to the reproductive system.
Based on the hazard of PAHs, countries or international organizations have issued relevant regulations and standards to reduce the residues of PAHs in products, so as to protect human health and environmental safety.
EU REACH Annex 17 PAHs requirements：
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) 1. benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) CAS No.：50-32-8 2. benzo(BeP) CAS No.：192-97-2 3. benzanthracene (BaA) CAS No. 56-55-3 4. Chrysene (CHR) CAS No. 218-01-9 5. benzofluoranthene (BbFA) CAS No.: 205-99-2 6. Benzofluoranthene (BjFA) CAS No.: 205-82-3 7. Benzofluoranthene (BkFA) CAS No. 207-08-99 8. Dibenzoanthracene (DBAhA) CAS No.: 53-70-3 | 1. Starting January 1, 2010, filler oils are not allowed to be placed on the market and used in the production of tires or tire parts if they contain -BaP in excess of 1mg/kg or. -All listed PAHs exceeding 10mg/kg in total. 2. If used under normal and foreseeable conditions, the rubber or plastic parts of the product are in direct contact with human skin or mouth for a long period of time and the amount of PAHs it contains in the list exceeds. 1mg/kg (0.0001% by mass of the part), the product shall not be placed on the market for public use, products including ① sports equipment, such as bicycles, golf clubs, rackets. ② household appliances, carts, walking frames. ③ household tools. ④ clothing, footwear, gloves and sportswear. ⑤ Belts, wristbands, masks, headbands. 3. Toys, including toys for activities, and child care products, used under normal and predictable circumstances, its rubber or plastic parts and human skin or oral direct contact for a long period of time, and the amount of PAHs containing the list exceeds 0.5mg/kg, the product shall not be placed on the market. |
German GS certification requirements: On May 15, 2019, the German Product Safety Commission (AfPS) announced the new standard AfPS GS 2019:01 PAK (the old version was AfPS GS 2014:01 PAK) for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) for products requiring GS certification.The new standard takes effect on July 1, 2020, and AfPS GS 2014: 01 PAK expires after June 30, 2020.AfPS GS 2019:01 PAK requirements are as follows：
| Parameters | Category 1 | Category 2 | Category 3 | ||
| Materials intended to be placed in the mouth or toys with materials listed in 2009/48/EC or (including) products for children under 3 years of age will have prolonged contact with the skin (more than 30 seconds) | Materials not included in category 1 with prolonged skin contact (more than 30 seconds), or repeated short contact with skin* | Materials not included in categories 1 and 2, and short term skin contact (no more than 30 seconds) | |||
| Children's products | Other Consumer Products | Children's products | Other Consumer Products | ||
| Benzo[a]pyren 苯并(a)芘 mg/kg | < 0.2 | < 0.2 | < 0.5 | < 0.5 | < 1 |
| Benzo[e]pyren 苯并(e)芘 mg/kg | < 0.2 | < 0.2 | < 0.5 | < 0.5 | < 1 |
| Benzo[a]anthracen 苯并(a)蒽 mg/kg | < 0.2 | < 0.2 | < 0.5 | < 0.5 | < 1 |
| Benzo[b]fluoranthen 苯并(b)荧蒽 mg/kg | < 0.2 | < 0.2 | < 0.5 | < 0.5 | < 1 |
| Benzo[j]fluoranthen 苯并(j)荧蒽 mg/kg | < 0.2 | < 0.2 | < 0.5 | < 0.5 | < 1 |
| Benzo[k]fluoranthen 苯并(k)荧蒽 mg/kg | < 0.2 | < 0.2 | < 0.5 | < 0.5 | < 1 |
| Chrysen 屈 mg/kg | < 0.2 | < 0.2 | < 0.5 | < 0.5 | < 1 |
| Dibenzo[a,h]anthracen 二苯并(a,h)蒽 mg/kg | < 0.2 | < 0.2 | < 0.5 | < 0.5 | < 1 |
| Benzo[ghi]perylen 苯并(g,h,i)苝 mg/kg | < 0.2 | < 0.2 | < 0.5 | < 0.5 | < 1 |
The range of products involved in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are
Electronic and electrical products
Rubber and plastic products
Paint and coating power tools
Packaging, toys, container materials
Leather products, wood products, etc.
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