Phthalates
Phthalate esters, also known as phthalic acid esters, abbreviated in English: PAEs, is a general term for a class of substances. These substances are a good plasticizer and are widely used in plastic, rubber, leather, ink and other products. The use of it can well increase the plasticity and fluidity when processing and forming, and can increase the flexibility of the product. Studies have shown that phthalates can affect the human endocrine system and interfere with normal hormone secretion in the body. For men, long-term exposure may lead to reduced sperm and lower sperm vitality, resulting in infertility; for women, it interferes with the endocrine secretion of the fetus and affects the sex of the fetus. The International Agency for Research on Cancer of the World Health Organization believes that some phthalates may also cause cancer.
Based on the hazards of phthalates, countries and regions have enacted regulations to restrict these substances, some of which are detailed in the table below:
Country / Region | Regulations | Requirements | Scope of application |
EU | REACH - Annex 17 | DEHP+DBP+BBP+DIBP≤0.1% | Item |
DINP+DIDP+DNOP≤0.1% | Toys or child care products | ||
(EU)2015/863 RoHS | DEHP, DBP, BBP, DIBP≤0.1% | Electronic appliances | |
US | TPCH | Total phthalates≤0.01% | Packaging Materials |
CPSIA | DPENP,DHEXP,DCHP,DIBP,DINP, DEHP, DBP, BBP≤0.1% | Toys and child care products | |
Proposition 65 | DEHP, BBP, DBP, DIDP, DINP, DnHP≤0.1% | Accessible plastic materials | |
Japan | ST 2016 | DEHP, DBP, BBP≤0.1% | Toys for children under 14 years old |
DINP, DIDP, DNOP≤0.1% | Intentional contact with children's oral products (except pacifiers and teething gums) | ||
DINP≤0.1% | Products made of polyvinyl chloride that intentionally come into contact with children's mouths | ||
China | GB 6675.1 | DEHP+DBP+BBP≤0.1% | Toys for children under 14 years old |
DINP+DIDP+DNOP≤0.1% | Toys for children under 14 years old that can be put in the mouth | ||
Canada | SOR/2016-188 | DEHP, DBP, BBP≤0.1% | Toys or child care products made of polyvinyl chloride |
DINP, DIDP, DNOP≤0.1% | Toys or child care products made of polyvinyl chloride in the mouth of children under four years of age | ||